COURSE CURRICULUM

The BA in Biological Sciences requires a total of 120 units and offers a flexible curriculum combining strong scientific foundations with customizable electives. The program includes lower division GE, upper division GE, physical education, and writing requirements, with some units fulfilled through major coursework. Major preparation (35–41 units) focuses on core sciences such as general and organic chemistry (with lab options), physics, biochemistry, calculus or precalculus, hypothesis testing, and scientific communication, ensuring students build a solid base in quantitative and experimental biology. The major requirements (34–35 units) include essential courses like Principles of Biology I and II, along with choices between genetics or evolution and additional advanced topics such as ecology, physiology, microbiology, or integrative biology. Students also complete 19 units of major electives, allowing them to specialize in areas like molecular biology, immunology, neuroscience, ecology, marine biology, genetics, bioinformatics, or field research, based on their career goals. Beyond the major, students must complete 6 units of science electives from related STEM disciplines and 6–13 units of university electives, offering further flexibility for minors or additional interests. Overall, the program balances required scientific rigor with broad elective choices, preparing students for diverse careers in biology-related fields or further professional and graduate studies.The Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM) concentration in Business Administration prepares students for careers focused on improving how organizations design, manage, and optimize the flow of goods, services, and information in a global economy. Offered by the School of Global Innovation and Leadership, the program emphasizes efficient coordination across supply chains and the strategic management of operations to help firms remain competitive in rapidly changing markets. Students develop knowledge in key areas such as operations strategy, supply chain management, quality and process improvement, procurement, logistics, project management, service operations, and business analytics. The curriculum highlights how organizations reduce costs, improve quality, manage resources, and respond to global supply chain disruptions through data-driven decision-making and continuous improvement methods. Core business foundation courses in accounting, economics, statistics, finance, marketing, and organizational behavior provide essential analytical and managerial skills, while upper-division coursework builds deeper expertise in operations systems and strategic decision-making. Students also complete specialized OSCM courses such as Total Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, and Project Management, along with electives in logistics, sustainable operations, healthcare operations, innovation, and global leadership. The program requires completion of 120 total units, including general education, major preparation, core business courses, concentration requirements, and university electives, with strict grade requirements typically requiring a C or better in foundational courses and a C- or better in concentration courses. Through applied learning opportunities, students gain exposure to real-world operational challenges and industry practices, preparing them for roles in manufacturing, logistics, consulting, service operations, and supply chain analytics. Overall, the OSCM concentration develops professionals who can analyze complex systems, improve operational efficiency, and design effective supply chain strategies that support organizational success in competitive and globally connected business environments.